Robert Moor on Rethinking Environmentalism, Tree by Tree

Robert Moor introduces tree thinking, a concept developed by evolutionary biologist Robert J. O’Hara. This approach emphasizes branching, growth, and pruning as metaphors for how systems evolve, rather than relying on rigid hierarchical ordering. Moor suggests that this way of thinking can be applied beyond biology, including in literature, environmentalism, and personal development. For example, branching represents exploration and adaptability, while pruning refers to the natural process of letting go of less useful connections or ideas. The concept challenges traditional linear or top-down models of understanding the world, encouraging a more dynamic and interconnected perspective. Moor argues that embracing tree thinking can help individuals and movements stay flexible and innovative.

Moor compares the lives and works of poets William Wordsworth and Leo Tolstoy to illustrate the difference between narrowing and branching in personal growth. Wordsworth, a key figure in the English Romantic movement, began his career with wide-ranging creativity but became increasingly narrow as he aged, losing much of his early radicalism. Emerson, another writer, even described him as a narrow person in his later years. In contrast, Tolstoy retained a broad, engaged worldview throughout his life, exploring diverse interests like gymnastics and tennis even in his 70s. Moor attributes Tolstoy’s adaptability to his deep care for others, particularly the powerless, which kept him open to new experiences. This comparison highlights how some individuals resist the natural tendency of the brain to prune neural connections, staying more flexible and creative.

Moor explores the neuroscience behind branching and pruning in the human brain. At around age two, the brain forms its maximum number of neural connections, estimated to be in the trillions. As people age, the brain prunes these connections, retaining only the most useful ones. This process is essential for efficiency but can lead to rigidity if overdone. Neuroscientists encourage adults to engage in activities outside their comfort zones to retain branchiness, or flexibility. Moor connects this idea to his own life, noting how societal pressures and personal routines can narrow one’s perspective. He suggests that embracing tree thinking—staying open to new experiences—can help individuals avoid creative and moral stagnation.

Moor examines how giant sequoias played a pivotal role in shaping the American environmental movement. Unlike other trees, sequoias were not valuable for timber due to their tendency to splinter when felled. Their awe-inspiring size and uniqueness made them symbols of nature’s sacredness, contrasting with the utilitarian view of trees as resources. In the 19th century, California Senator John Conness argued for preserving the Mariposa Grove of Giant Sequoias, now part of Yosemite National Park. He famously stated that there was no precedent for setting aside trees, but also that no other trees on Earth were like them. This argument helped shift public perception, leading to the establishment of protected areas and laying the foundation for modern conservation efforts.

Moor discusses his personal involvement in environmental activism, including a tree sit protest against an oil pipeline in Vancouver, Canada. A tree sit is a form of direct action where activists live in trees to block construction or logging. Moor reflects on the ethics of climate activism, questioning the balance between peaceful protest and more radical actions. He suggests that tree thinking could help reimagine the environmental movement, making it more adaptable and inclusive. By emphasizing interconnectedness and long-term growth, rather than short-term gains, environmentalism could evolve to address modern challenges more effectively. Moor’s experiences highlight the role of personal commitment in driving change.