What’s at stake in AI’s trillion-dollar gamble

When Jessica Wachter, a finance professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, wanted to assess AI’s impact on the economy over the next few years, she faced a long list of business and technical uncertainties. So she started with what she calls a “remarkable fact” that is not in que…
Résumé
AI spending surge
A small group of tech giants, called hyperscalers (companies like Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, Meta, and Oracle), are investing massive amounts to build AI data centers.
These facilities house powerful computers that run artificial intelligence models.
In 2026 alone, these companies plan to spend about $750 billion on these centers, with total investments potentially reaching over $5 trillion by 2030.
The spending is driven by the belief that AI will transform industries and economies.
However, these investments are unprecedented in scale, comparable to the largest capital expenditures in history.
The challenge is that these companies currently earn only $150 billion to $200 billion annually from AI, meaning their spending far exceeds their current revenue.
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